Vulvoscopy
Vulvoscopy is a detailed medical examination used to closely assess the skin of the vulva under magnification. It helps identify abnormal skin changes, chronic irritation, inflammatory conditions and early precancerous lesions. This examination allows doctors to see subtle changes that may not be visible to the naked eye and, if needed, perform a small biopsy for accurate diagnosis.
Many women are unfamiliar with this examination until they are referred for one. It is usually recommended when symptoms such as persistent itching, burning, pain, white patches, thickened skin or nonhealing sores affect the vulvar area. Early assessment provides clarity, reassurance and timely treatment where required.
Why Vulvar Symptoms Should Not Be Ignored
The vulva is sensitive tissue and can be affected by a range of dermatological and gynaecological conditions. Persistent symptoms may indicate:
- Chronic inflammatory disorders
- Skin infections
- Autoimmune conditions
- Precancerous changes
- Early vulvar cancer
Because many conditions look similar on routine inspection, magnified examination improves diagnostic accuracy. This is where a vulvoscopy procedure becomes particularly valuable.
What Happens During a Vulvoscopy Procedure
A vulvoscopy procedure is performed in an outpatient clinic and does not require hospital admission. The patient lies comfortably in an examination position similar to a smear test.
A colposcope, which is essentially a specialised magnifying instrument with a light, is positioned just outside the body. It does not enter the vagina. The doctor carefully inspects the vulvar skin under magnification.
A mild solution may be applied to highlight abnormal cells. This helps identify areas of inflammation, whitening, thickening, ulceration or pigment change.
If a suspicious area is identified, a vulvoscopy biopsy may be recommended. This allows a small sample of tissue to be analysed in a laboratory to confirm the diagnosis.
The procedure itself usually takes 10 to 20 minutes depending on findings.
Vulvoscopy vs Colposcopy
Patients often ask about vulvoscopy vs colposcopy. Although the instruments used are similar, the areas examined are different.
- Vulvoscopy focuses on the external genital skin.
- Colposcopy examines the cervix and vaginal walls.
Colposcopy is commonly performed after abnormal smear results. In contrast, vulvoscopy is recommended when symptoms affect the outer genital area.
In some cases both examinations may be performed during the same visit if there are concerns involving both areas.
Understanding this difference helps patients feel more informed and prepared.
Vulvoscopy for Lichen Sclerosus
Vulvoscopy lichen sclerosus assessment is one of the most common reasons for referral. Lichen sclerosus is a chronic inflammatory skin condition that affects the vulvar region.
It may cause:
- Severe itching
- White or shiny skin patches
- Skin thinning
- Pain during intercourse
- Cracking or bleeding
Because lichen sclerosus can increase the longterm risk of vulvar cancer, regular monitoring is important. Magnified examination allows doctors to track subtle changes over time.
If the diagnosis is uncertain, a vulvoscopy biopsy confirms the condition and rules out precancerous transformation.
Early diagnosis allows treatment with prescribed topical steroids, which significantly reduce symptoms and prevent progression.
Vulvoscopy Biopsy Why It Is Sometimes Necessary
A vulvoscopy biopsy is performed when an area looks abnormal and needs microscopic evaluation.
The procedure involves:
- Injecting local anaesthetic into a small area
- Removing a tiny piece of tissue
- Applying gentle pressure to stop minor bleeding
The biopsy usually takes only a few minutes. Most women describe mild discomfort rather than severe pain.
The tissue sample is sent for histopathological examination. This determines whether the changes are inflammatory, infectious, precancerous or malignant.
Biopsy results guide further treatment decisions and provide reassurance when findings are benign.
Is Vulvoscopy Painful
The examination itself is generally not painful. Some women may experience mild discomfort if the skin is already inflamed or sensitive.
If a biopsy is performed, the local anaesthetic minimises pain during tissue removal. Afterwards mild soreness or stinging may occur for a few days.
Pain is usually manageable with simple analgesia and appropriate aftercare.
How Long Does a Vulvar Biopsy Take to Heal
Healing typically takes one to two weeks. The vulvar area has a good blood supply, which supports recovery.
During healing:
- Mild tenderness is normal
- Light spotting may occur
- A small scab may form
Patients are advised to avoid friction, tight clothing and irritants during recovery.
If healing appears delayed or signs of infection develop, medical review is recommended.
What Is the Aftercare for a Vulvoscopy
If no biopsy is taken, patients can usually resume normal activities immediately.
After a biopsy aftercare instructions may include:
- Keeping the area clean and dry
- Wearing loose cotton underwear
- Avoiding perfumed products
- Avoiding intercourse for several days
- Applying prescribed ointments if recommended
Following these guidelines supports smooth healing and reduces discomfort.
When Should You Seek Assessment
You should seek assessment if you experience:
- Persistent vulvar itching
- Skin colour changes
- Thickened or thinning skin
- Recurrent cracks or sores
- Unexplained pain
Early evaluation improves outcomes and prevents complications.
Why This Examination Is Important
Vulvar conditions are often underdiscussed, leading many women to delay seeking help. However, early identification of conditions such as lichen sclerosus, dermatitis, vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia or early cancer significantly improves management.
Magnified assessment ensures that abnormal areas are clearly identified and appropriately monitored.
The goal is not only diagnosis but also longterm vulvar health preservation.
This specialised examination plays a crucial role in evaluating vulvar skin conditions and identifying early abnormalities. It is a safe outpatient procedure that allows accurate diagnosis and targeted biopsy when required. With appropriate aftercare and followup most women recover quickly and benefit from timely treatment.
Understanding the purpose, process and importance of this examination helps reduce anxiety and encourages early consultation when symptoms arise.
If you are experiencing ongoing vulvar symptoms or have been advised to undergo further assessment, you can book an appointment at Ovara Health for specialist evaluation and personalised care.