How is HPV Contracted?

HPV is highly contagious and is mainly transmitted through intimate skin contact and sexual activity, including vaginal, anal, and oral sex. It is one of the most common sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and nearly 80% of sexually active adults will contract at least one strain of the virus in their lifetime.

Most people with HPV do not experience symptoms and may unknowingly pass the virus to others. The body’s immune system usually fights off the infection, but in some cases, the virus can persist and lead to genital warts or abnormal cell changes in the cervix, which may require medical attention.

Types of HPV and Associated Risks

HPV has over 100 different strains, but only a few affect the genital area. These are classified into:

• Low-risk HPV types – These strains cause genital warts, which are non-cancerous but may require treatment if they cause discomfort or distress.
• High-risk HPV types – Certain strains, such as HPV 16 and 18, are linked to an increased risk of cervical cancer, as well as other gynaecological and throat cancers.

HPV and Cervical Cancer

Persistent infection with high-risk HPV can cause abnormal changes in cervical cells, which, if left untreated, may develop into cervical cancer over time. This is why regular smear tests (cervical screenings) are essential for detecting any abnormal changes early. At Ovara Health, we provide comprehensive cervical screening services, colposcopy assessments, and HPV testing to monitor and manage your health.

Symptoms of HPV

Many people with HPV have no symptoms at all, making it difficult to detect without screening. However, when symptoms do appear, they may include:

• Genital warts, which appear as small, flesh-coloured or pink bumps on the genital or anal area
• Abnormal cervical smear results, indicating HPV-related cell changes
• Persistent sore throat or throat lumps, in rare cases of HPV affecting the mouth or throat

HPV Testing and Diagnosis

At Ovara Health, we offer HPV testing as part of cervical screening, particularly for women over 25. A simple swab test checks for the presence of high-risk HPV strains, and if detected, further assessment such as a colposcopy may be recommended.

HPV Vaccination – Protecting Against HPV

The HPV vaccine is a highly effective way to protect against the most dangerous strains of HPV. It is recommended for:

• Teenagers and young adults, ideally before becoming sexually active
• Women up to the age of 45, particularly those at risk of HPV-related cervical changes
• Men, as HPV can also cause certain cancers and genital warts

The vaccine provides long-term immunity and significantly reduces the risk of HPV-related cancers and genital warts.

Treatment Options for HPV-Related Conditions

There is currently no cure for HPV, but treatments are available to manage its effects. Depending on the symptoms, our specialists at Ovara Health may recommend:

• Topical creams or cryotherapy for genital warts
• Colposcopy and LLETZ procedures to remove abnormal cervical cells
• Regular monitoring and screening to ensure HPV does not cause complications

Book an HPV Consultation at Ovara Health

HPV is a common but manageable infection, and early detection is key to preventing complications. Whether you need HPV screening, vaccination, or treatment, our specialists at Ovara Health are here to help. Book a consultation today to discuss your concerns and take control of your cervical health.